Element Palladium
It is an element with atomic symbol Pd, atomic number 46, and atomic weight 106.42.
Element Palladium is a rare and lustrous silvery-white metal discovered in 1803 by William Hyde Wollaston.
Palladium has the lowest melting point and is the least dense of platinum group metals. The primary use for palladium is in catalytic converters for the automotive industry.
Palladium is also used in electronics, dentistry, medicine, hydrogen purification, chemical applications, groundwater treatment, and jewelry. Palladium is a key component of fuel cells, which react hydrogen with oxygen to produce electricity, heat, and water.
Names and Identifiers
| Chemical Formula: | Pd |
| CAS: | 7440-05-3 |
| Molecular Weight: | 106.420g/mol |
| EC Number : | 231-115-6 |
| MDL Number: | MFCD00011167 |
| Color: | silvery white metallic/ silvery-white |
| Other Names: | Palladio |
| PubChem CID: | 23938 |
| IUPAC Name: | Palladium |
| Inchl: | InChI=1S/Pd |
| InChI Key: | KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| Canonical SMILES: | [Pd] |
| ICSC Number: | n/a |
Physical & Chemical Properties
| Phase: | Solid |
| Density: | 12.023 g/cm³ |
| Boiling Point: | 3236 K (2963 °C, 5365 °F) |
| Melting Point: | 1828.05 K (1554.9 °C, 2830.82 °F) |
| Molecular Formula: | Pd |
| Flash Point: | n/a |
| Exact Mass: | 105.903481 |
| Symbol: |   |
| Signal Word: | Danger |
| Hazard Statements: | H228-H315-H319-H335 |
| Precautionary Statements: | P210-P261-P305 + P351 + P338 |
| Hazard Codes: | Xn:Harmful |
| Risk Phrases: | R61 |
| Safety Phrases: | S53-S26-S36/37/39-S24/25-S36-S22 |
| RIDADR: | UN 3089 4.1/PG 2 |
| WGK Germany: | n/a |
| RTECS: | RT3480500 |
| Packaging Group: | III |
| Hazard Class: | 4.1 |
Pd-104 is used for the production of radioactive Pd-103 seeds which are used to fight prostate cancer. Pd-103 can also be made from Pd-102. Other Pd isotopes such as Pd-110 and Pd-108 have been used in physical experiments such as research into the decay of Nd-137 and nuclear fusion phenomena. Pd-108 can also be used for the production of radioactive Pd-109 which is used for cancer therapy.
Naturally occurring isotopes
| Isotope | Mass/Da | Natural abundance (atom %) | Nuclear spin (I) | Magnetic moment (μ/μN) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 102Pd | 101.905634 (5) | 1.02 (1) | 0 | |
| 104Pd | 103.904029 (6) | 11.14 (8) | 0 | |
| 105Pd | 104.905079 (6) | 22.33 (8) | 5/2 | -0.642 |
| 106Pd | 105.903478 (6) | 27.33 (3) | 0 | |
| 108Pd | 107.903895 (4) | 26.46 (9) | 0 | |
| 110Pd | 109.905167 (20) | 11.72 (9) | 0 |
Radiosotope data
| Isotope | Mass/Da | Half-life | Mode of decay | Nuclear spin | Nuclear magnetic moment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 100Pd | 99.90851 | 3.7 d | EC to 100Rh | 0 | |
| 101Pd | 100.90829 | 8.4 h | EC to 101Rh | 5/2 | -0.66 |
| 103Pd | 102.906087 | 16.99 d | EC to 103Rh | 5/2 | |
| 107Pd | 106.90513 | 6.5 x 106 y | β– to 107Ag | 5/2 | |
| 109Pd | 108.905954 | 13.5 h | β– to 109Ag | 5/2 | |
| 111Pd | 110.90764 | 23.4 m | β– to 111Ag | 5/2 | |
| 112Pd | 111.90731 | 21.04 h | β– to 112Ag | 0 |