Element Chlorine
The chloride ion is the anion (negatively charged ion) Cl−.
It is formed when the element chlorine (a halogen) gains an electron or when a compound such as hydrogen chloride is dissolved in water or other polar solvents.
Chloride salts such as sodium chloride are often very soluble in water.It is an essential electrolyte located in all body fluids responsible for maintaining acid/base balance, transmitting nerve impulses and regulating fluid in and out of cells. Less frequently, the word chloride may also form part of the “common” name of chemical compounds in which one or more chlorine atoms are covalently bonded.
Names and Identifiers
| Chemical Formula: | Cl |
| CAS: | 16887-00-6 |
| Molecular Weight: | 35.45300g/mol |
| EC Number : | 231-959-5 |
| MDL Number: | MFCD00010934 |
| Color: | greenish-yellow/ yellowish green |
| Other Names: | Le chlore, Chlor, Cloro, Klor |
| PubChem CID: | 24526 |
| IUPAC Name: | Chloride |
| Inchl: | InChI=1S/Cl |
| InChI Key: | ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| Canonical SMILES: | [Cl] |
| ICSC Number: | n/a |
Physical & Chemical Properties
| Phase: | Lquid |
| Density: | 0.996 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.) |
| Boiling Point: | -34.04 °C, -29.272 °F, 239.11 K |
| Melting Point: | -101.5 °C, -150.7 °F, 171.65 K |
| Molecular Formula: | Cl |
| Flash Point: | 115 °F |
| Exact Mass: | 34.96890 |
| Symbol: |   |
| Signal Word: | Danger |
| Hazard Statements: | H270-H280-H315-H319-H331-H335-H400 |
| Precautionary Statements: | n/a |
| Hazard Codes: | C: Corrosive; |
| Risk Phrases: | 10-20/21/22-34 |
| Safety Phrases: | 16-24-26-36/37/39-45 |
| RIDADR: | UN 2924 3/PG 2 |
| WGK Germany: | 3 |
| RTECS: | n/a |
| Packaging Group: | n/a |
| Hazard Class: | n/a |
Both Chlorine isotopes, Cl-35 and Cl-37, are used to study the toxicity of environmental pollutant and are usually supplied in the form of NaCl.
Naturally occurring isotopes
| Isotope | Mass/Da | Natural abundance (atom %) | Nuclear spin (I) | Magnetic moment (μ/μN) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 35Cl | 34.968852721 (69) | 75.78 (4) | 3/2 | 0.8218736 |
| 37Cl | 36.96590262 (11) | 24.22 (4) | 3/2 | 0.6841230 |
Radiosotope data
| Isotope | Mass/Da | Half-life | Mode of decay | Nuclear spin | Nuclear magnetic moment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36Cl | 35.9683069 | 301000 y | β– to 36Ar | 0 | 1.28547 |
| 38Cl | 37.9680106 | 37.2 m | β– to 38Ar | 2 | 2.05 |
| 39Cl | 38.968009 | 55.6 m | β– to 39Ar | 3/2 | |
| 40Cl | 39.97042 | 1.38 m | β– to 40Ar | 2 | |
| 41Cl | 40.9707 | 34 s | β– to 41Ar | ||
| 42Cl | 41.9732 | 6.8 s | β– to 42Ar | ||
| 43Cl | 42.9742 | 3.3 s | β– to 43Ar |