Element Ruthenium
Element Ruthenium is a chemical element with the symbol Ru and atomic number 44. It is a rare transition metal belonging to the platinum group of the periodic table.
A polyvalent hard white metal, ruthenium is a member of the platinum group. Like the other metals of the platinum group, ruthenium is inert to most chemicals. Most ruthenium is used for wear-resistant electrical contacts and the production of thick-film resistors. A minor application of ruthenium is its use in some platinum alloys
Names and Identifiers
| Chemical Formula: | Ru |
| CAS: | 7440-18-8 |
| Molecular Weight: | 101.070 g/mol |
| EC Number : | 231-127-1 |
| MDL Number: | MFCD00011207 |
| Color: | silvery white metallic/ silvery-white |
| Other Names: | Ruthénium, Rutenio, Rutênio |
| PubChem CID: | 23950 |
| IUPAC Name: | Ruthenium |
| Inchl: | InChI=1S/Ru |
| InChI Key: | KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| Canonical SMILES: | [Ru] |
| ICSC Number: | n/a |
Physical & Chemical Properties
| Phase: | Solid |
| Density: | 12.45g/cm³ |
| Boiling Point: | 4423 K (4150 °C, 7502 °F) |
| Melting Point: | 2607 K (2334 °C, 4233 °F) |
| Molecular Formula: | Ru |
| Flash Point: | 134.3ºC |
| Exact Mass: | 101.904388 |
| Symbol: |  |
| Signal Word: | Danger |
| Hazard Statements: | H228 |
| Precautionary Statements: | P210 |
| Hazard Codes: | F:Highlyflammable; |
| Risk Phrases: | 20-37-11 |
| Safety Phrases: | S24/25 |
| RIDADR: | UN 3178 4.1/PG 2 |
| WGK Germany: | 3 |
| RTECS: | n/a |
| Packaging Group: | III |
| Hazard Class: | 4.1 |
Naturally occurring ruthenium is composed of seven stable isotopes. Additionally, 34 radioactive isotopes have been discovered.
Of these radioisotopes, the most stable are 106Ru with a half-life of 373.59 days, 103Ru with a half-life of 39.26 days and 97Ru with a half-life of 2.9 days.
Naturally occurring isotopes
| Isotope | Mass/Da | Natural abundance (atom %) | Nuclear spin (I) | Magnetic moment (μ/μN) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 96Ru | 95.907599 (8) | 5.54 (14) | 0 | |
| 98Ru | 97.905287 (7) | 1.87 (3) | 0 | |
| 99Ru | 98.9059389 (23) | 12.76 (14) | 5/2 | -0.6413 |
| 100Ru | 99.9042192 (24) | 12.60 (7) | 0 | |
| 101Ru | 100.9055819 (24) | 17.06 (2) | 5/2 | -0.7189 |
| 102Ru | 101.9043485 (25) | 31.55 (14) | 0 | |
| 104Ru | 103.905424 (6) | 18.62 (27) | 0 |
Radiosotope data
| Isotope | Mass/Da | Half-life | Mode of decay | Nuclear spin | Nuclear magnetic moment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 95Ru | 94.91042 | 1.64 h | EC to 95Tc | 5/2 | |
| 97Ru | 96.90756 | 2.89 d | EC to 97Tc | 5/2 | -0.78 |
| 103Ru | 102.906323 | 39.27 d | β– to 103Rh | 3/2 | 0.20 |
| 105Ru | 104.907750 | 4.44 h | β– to 105Rh | 3/2 | -0.3 |
| 106Ru | 105.90733 | 1.020 y | β– to 106Rh | 0 |