Name: Potassium Chromate
CAS: 7789-00-6
EC Number: 232-140-5
Chemical Formular: K2CrO4
Appearance: Yellow powder
Molecular Weight: 194.19 g/mol
Melting Point: 968 °C (1,774 °F; 1,241 K)
Boiling Point: 1,000 °C (1,830 °F; 1,270 K)
Density: 2.7320 g/cm3
Solubility in water: 62.9 g/100 mL (20 °C)
Exact Mass: 193.847576 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 193.847576 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 80.3 A^2
Complexity: 62.2
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS
According to the UN GHS revision 8
SECTION 1: Identification
1.1
GHS Product identifier
| Product name | Potassium Chromate |
|---|
1.2
Other means of identification
| Product number | – |
|---|---|
| Other names | Potassium chromate; |
1.3
Recommended use of the chemical and restrictions on use
| Identified uses | Industrial and scientific research uses. |
|---|---|
| Uses advised against | no data available |
1.4
Supplier’s details
| Company | Elements China Limited |
|---|---|
| Address | Building 2, No.5555, Shenzhuan Hwy, Shanghai , China |
| Telephone | +86-021-3776-2181 |
1.5Emergency phone number
| Emergency phone number | +86-021-3776-2181 |
|---|---|
| Service hours | Monday to Friday, 9am-5pm (Standard time zone: UTC/GMT +8 hours). |
SECTION 2: Hazard identification
2.1
Classification of the substance or mixture
Skin irritation, Category 2
Eye irritation, Category 2
Skin sensitization, Category 1
Specific target organ toxicity – single exposure, Category 3
Germ cell mutagenicity, Category 1B
Hazardous to the aquatic environment, short-term (Acute) – Category Acute 1
Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term (Chronic) – Category Chronic 1
Carcinogenicity, Category 1B
2.2
GHS label elements, including precautionary statements
| Pictogram(s) | 
|
|---|---|
| Signal word | Danger |
| Hazard statement(s) | H315 Causes skin irritation H319 Causes serious eye irritation H317 May cause an allergic skin reaction H335 May cause respiratory irritation H340 May cause genetic defects H410 Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects |
| Precautionary statement(s) | |
| Prevention | P264 Wash … thoroughly after handling. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection/hearing protection/… P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P272 Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace. P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. P203 Obtain, read and follow all safety instructions before use. P273 Avoid release to the environment. |
| Response | P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water/… P321 Specific treatment (see … on this label). P332+P317 If skin irritation occurs: Get medical help. P362+P364 Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse. P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P333+P317 If skin irritation or rash occurs: Get medical help. P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. P319 Get medical help if you feel unwell. P318 IF exposed or concerned, get medical advice. P391 Collect spillage. |
| Storage | P403+P233 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. P405 Store locked up. |
| Disposal | P501 Dispose of contents/container to an appropriate treatment and disposal facility in accordance with applicable laws and regulations, and product characteristics at time of disposal. |
2.3
Other hazards which do not result in classification
no data available
SECTION 3: Composition/information on ingredients
3.1
Substances
| Chemical name | Common names and synonyms | CAS number | EC number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Potassium Chromate | Potassium chromate | 7789-00-6 | 232-140-5 |
SECTION 4: First-aid measures
4.1
Description of necessary first-aid measures
If inhaled
Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.
Following skin contact
First rinse with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, then remove contaminated clothes and rinse again. Refer for medical attention .
Following eye contact
First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.
Following ingestion
Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Refer for medical attention .
4.2
Most important symptoms/effects, acute and delayed
Inhalation causes local irritation of mucous membranes; continuing nose irritation can result in perforation of nasal septum. Ingestion may cause violent gastroenteritis, circulatory collapse, vertigo, coma, and toxic nephritis; ingestion of excessive quantities can be fatal. Contact with eyes causes severe irritation and conjunctivitis. Repeated or prolonged exposure to dust, mist, or solutions may cause dermatitis; contact with breaks in the skin may cause “chrome sores” appearing as slow-healing, hard-rimmed ulcers which leave the area vulnerable to infection. (USCG, 1999)
4.3
Indication of immediate medical attention and special treatment needed, if necessary
Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. Inorganic Acids and Related Compounds
SECTION 5: Fire-fighting measures
5.1
Suitable extinguishing media
Suitable extinguishing media: Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
5.2
Specific hazards arising from the chemical
Behavior in Fire: May increase intensity of fire if in contact with combustible materials. Cool containers and spilled material with plenty of water. (USCG, 1999)
5.3
Special protective actions for fire-fighters
In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media.
SECTION 6: Accidental release measures
6.1
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Personal protection: chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus. Sweep spilled substance into containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment.
6.2
Environmental precautions
Personal protection: chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus. Sweep spilled substance into containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment.
6.3
Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up
ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Wear respiratory protection. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust; Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided; Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Pick up and arrange disposal without creating dust. Sweep up and shovel. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.
SECTION 7: Handling and storage
7.1
Precautions for safe handling
NO contact with combustible substances.
Handling in a well ventilated place.
Wear suitable protective clothing.
Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
Avoid formation of dust and aerosols.
Use non-sparking tools.
Prevent fire caused by electrostatic discharge steam.
7.2
Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing. Dry. Well closed. Separated from combustible substances, reducing agents and food and feedstuffs. Store in an area without drain or sewer access.Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Storage class (TRGS 510): Non-combustible, acute toxic Cat.3 / toxic hazardous materials or hazardous materials causing chronic effects
SECTION 8: Exposure controls/personal protection
8.1
Control parameters
Occupational Exposure limit values
TLV: (as Cr(VI), inhalable fraction): 0.0002 mg/m3, as TWA; 0.0005 mg/m3 as STEL; A1 (confirmed human carcinogen); (skin); (DSEN); (RSEN).EU-OEL: (as Cr): 0.1 mg/m3 as TWA
Biological limit values
no data available
8.2
Appropriate engineering controls
Ensure adequate ventilation.
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Set up emergency exits and the risk-elimination area.
8.3Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment (PPE)
Eye/face protection
Wear face shield or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.
Skin protection
Protective gloves. Protective clothing.
Respiratory protection
Use closed system or ventilation.
Thermal hazards
no data available
SECTION 9: Physical and chemical properties and safety characteristics
| Physical state | Solid. Crystalline. |
|---|---|
| Colour | Yellow. |
| Odour | Odorless |
| Melting point/freezing point | 968.3 °C. |
| Boiling point or initial boiling point and boiling range | 1000 °C |
| Flammability | Not combustible but enhances combustion of other substances. |
| Lower and upper explosion limit/flammability limit | no data available |
| Flash point | no data available |
| Auto-ignition temperature | no data available |
| Decomposition temperature | no data available |
| pH | Aqueous solution is alkaline to litmus or phenolphthalein |
| Kinematic viscosity | no data available |
| Solubility | Miscible with water |
| Partition coefficient n-octanol/water | no data available |
| Vapour pressure | Zero |
| Density and/or relative density | 2.732 g/cm³. |
| Relative vapour density | 6.7 (vs air) |
| Particle characteristics | no data available |
SECTION 10: Stability and reactivity
10.1
Reactivity
250 mg/cu m (as Cr(II)). Chromium(II) compounds (as Cr)
25 mg/cu m (as Cr(III)). Chromium(III) compounds (as Cr)
15 mg/cu m (as Cr(VI)). Chromic acid and chromates
NIOSH considers chromic acid and chromates to be potential occupational carcinogens. Chromic acid and chromates
The solution in water is a weak base. The substance is a strong oxidant. It reacts with combustible and reducing materials.
10.2
Chemical stability
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
10.3
Possibility of hazardous reactions
Non-combustibleOxidizing agents, such as POTASSIUM CHROMATE, can react with reducing agents to generate heat and products that may be gaseous (causing pressurization of closed containers). The products may themselves be capable of further reactions (such as combustion in the air). The chemical reduction of materials in this group can be rapid or even explosive, but often requires initiation (heat, spark, catalyst, addition of a solvent). Explosive mixtures of inorganic oxidizing agents with reducing agents often persist unchanged for long periods if initiation is prevented. Such systems are typically mixtures of solids, but may involve any combination of physical states. Some inorganic oxidizing agents are salts of metals that are soluble in water; dissolution dilutes but does not nullify the oxidizing power of such materials. Organic compounds, in general, have some reducing power and can in principle react with compounds in this class. Actual reactivity varies greatly with the identity of the organic compound. Inorganic oxidizing agents can react violently with active metals, cyanides, esters, and thiocyanates.
10.4
Conditions to avoid
no data available
10.5
Incompatible materials
Incompatible materials: Organic materials, powdered metals, strong oxidizing agents
10.6
Hazardous decomposition products
When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /potassium oxide/.
SECTION 11: Toxicological information
Acute toxicity
- Oral: LD50 Mouse oral 180 mg/kg
- Inhalation: no data available
- Dermal: no data available
Skin corrosion/irritation
no data available
Serious eye damage/irritation
no data available
Respiratory or skin sensitization
no data available
Germ cell mutagenicity
no data available
Carcinogenicity
WEIGHT OF EVIDENCE CHARACTERIZATION: Under the current guidelines (1986), Cr(VI) is classified as Group A – known human carcinogen by the inhalation route of exposure. Carcinogenicity by the oral route of exposure cannot be determined and is classified as Group D. Under the proposed guidelines (1996), Cr(VI) would be characterized as a known human carcinogen by the inhalation route of exposure on the following basis. Hexavalent chromium is known to be carcinogenic in humans by the inhalation route of exposure. Results of occupational epidemiological studies of chromium-exposed workers are consistent across investigators and study populations. Dose-response relationships have been established for chromium exposure and lung cancer. Chromium-exposed workers are exposed to both Cr(III) and Cr(VI) compounds. Because only Cr(VI) has been found to be carcinogenic in animal studies, however, it was concluded that only Cr(VI) should be classified as a human carcinogen. Animal data are consistent with the human carcinogenicity data on hexavalent chromium. Hexavalent chromium compounds are carcinogenic in animal bioassays, producing the following tumor types: intramuscular injection site tumors in rats and mice, intrapleural implant site tumors for various Cr(VI) compounds in rats, intrabronchial implantation site tumors for various Cr(VI) compounds in rats and subcutaneous injection site sarcomas in rats. In vitro data are suggestive of a potential mode of action for hexavalent chromium carcinogenesis. Hexavalent chromium carcinogenesis may result from the formation of mutagenic oxidatitive DNA lesions following intracellular reduction to the trivalent form. Cr(VI) readily passes through cell membranes and is rapidly reduced intracellularly to generate reactive Cr(V) and Cr(IV) intermediates and reactive oxygen species. A number of potentially mutagenic DNA lesions are formed during the reduction of Cr(VI). Hexavalent chromium is mutagenic in bacterial assays, yeasts and V79 cells, and Cr(VI) compounds decrease the fidelity of DNA synthesis in vitro and produce unscheduled DNA synthesis as a consequence of DNA damage. Chromate has been shown to transform both primary cells and cell lines. HUMAN CARCINOGENICITY DATA: Occupational exposure to chromium compounds has been studied in the chromate production, chromeplating and chrome pigment, ferrochromium production, gold mining, leather tanning and chrome alloy production industries. Workers in the chromate industry are exposed to both trivalent and hexavalent compounds of chromium. Epidemiological studies of chromate production plants in Japan, Great Britain, West Germany, and the United States have revealed a correlation between occupational exposure to chromium and lung cancer, but the specific form of chromium responsible for the induction of cancer was not identified … Studies of chrome pigment workers have consistently demonstrated an association between occupational chromium exposure (primarily Cr(VI)) and lung cancer. Several studies of the chromeplating industry have demonstrated a positive relationship between cancer and exposure to chromium compounds. ANIMAL CARCINOGENICITY DATA: Animal data are consistent with the findings of human epidemiological studies of hexavalent chromium … Chromium (VI)
Reproductive toxicity
no data available
STOT-single exposure
The substance is corrosive to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Corrosive on ingestion. The substance may cause effects on the kidneys and liver. This may result in tissue lesions.
STOT-repeated exposure
Repeated or prolonged contact may cause skin sensitization. Repeated or prolonged inhalation may cause asthma. Repeated or prolonged inhalation may cause nasal ulceration. This may result in perforation of the nasal septum. The substance may have effects on the kidneys. This may result in kidney impairment. This substance is carcinogenic to humans. Animal tests show that this substance possibly causes toxicity to human reproduction or development.
Aspiration hazard
A harmful concentration of airborne particles can be reached quickly when dispersed, especially if powdered.
SECTION 12: Ecological information
12.1
Toxicity
- Toxicity to fish: Range of species tested.
- Toxicity to daphnia and other aquatic invertebrates: Range of species tested.
- Toxicity to algae: Range of species tested.
- Toxicity to microorganisms: Range of microbes reported.
12.2
Persistence and degradability
no data available
12.3
Bioaccumulative potential
Using potassium chromate as the source for chromium, a BCF of 1.0 (based on chromium) was determined for the whole body of Salmo gairdneri (rainbow trout) over a 30 days duration period(1). According to a classification scheme(2), this BCF range suggests that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).
12.4
Mobility in soil
no data available
12.5
Other adverse effects
no data available
SECTION 13: Disposal considerations
13.1
Disposal methods
Product
The material can be disposed of by removal to
a licensed chemical destruction plant or by controlled incineration
with flue gas scrubbing. Do not contaminate water, foodstuffs,
feed or seed by storage or disposal. Do not discharge to sewer systems.
Contaminated packaging
Containers can be triply rinsed (or equivalent) and
offered for recycling or reconditioning.
Alternatively, the packaging can be punctured to
make it unusable for other purposes and then be disposed of
in a sanitary landfill. Controlled incineration
with flue gas scrubbing is possible for combustible packaging materials.
SECTION 14: Transport information
14.1
UN Number
| ADR/RID: UN3288 (For reference only, please check.) | IMDG: UN3288 (For reference only, please check.) | IATA: UN3288 (For reference only, please check.) |
14.2
UN Proper Shipping Name
| ADR/RID: TOXIC SOLID, INORGANIC, N.O.S. (For reference only, please check.) | IMDG: TOXIC SOLID, INORGANIC, N.O.S. (For reference only, please check.) | IATA: TOXIC SOLID, INORGANIC, N.O.S. (For reference only, please check.) |
14.3
Transport hazard class(es)
| ADR/RID: 6.1 (For reference only, please check.) | IMDG: 6.1 (For reference only, please check.) | IATA: 6.1 (For reference only, please check.) |
14.4
Packing group, if applicable
| ADR/RID: I (For reference only, please check.) | IMDG: I (For reference only, please check.) | IATA: I (For reference only, please check.) |
14.5
Environmental hazards
| ADR/RID: Yes | IMDG: Yes | IATA: Yes |
14.6
Special precautions for user
no data available
14.7
Transport in bulk according to IMO instruments
no data available
SECTION 15: Regulatory information
15.1
Safety, health and environmental regulations specific for the product in question
| Chemical name | Common names and synonyms | CAS number | EC number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Potassium Chromate | Potassium chromate | 7789-00-6 | 232-140-5 |
| European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances (EINECS) | Listed. | ||
| EC Inventory | Listed. | ||
| United States Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Inventory | Listed. | ||
| China Catalog of Hazardous chemicals 2015 | Listed. | ||
| New Zealand Inventory of Chemicals (NZIoC) | Listed. | ||
| Philippines Inventory of Chemicals and Chemical Substances (PICCS) | Listed. | ||
| Vietnam National Chemical Inventory | Listed. | ||
| Chinese Chemical Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances (China IECSC) | Listed. | ||
| Korea Existing Chemicals List (KECL) | Listed. | ||
SECTION 16: Other information
Information on revision
| Creation Date | Nov 17, 2020 |
|---|---|
| Revision Date | Nov 17, 2020 |
Abbreviations and acronyms
- CAS: Chemical Abstracts Service
- ADR: European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
- RID: Regulation concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail
- IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods
- IATA: International Air Transportation Association
- TWA: Time Weighted Average
- STEL: Short term exposure limit
- LC50: Lethal Concentration 50%
- LD50: Lethal Dose 50%
- EC50: Effective Concentration 50%
References
- IPCS – The International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC), website:
http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.home - HSDB – Hazardous Substances Data Bank, website: https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/newtoxnet/hsdb.htm
- IARC – International Agency for Research on Cancer, website: http://www.iarc.fr/
- eChemPortal – The Global Portal to Information on Chemical Substances by OECD, website:
http://www.echemportal.org/echemportal/index?pageID=0&request_locale=en - CAMEO Chemicals, website: http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/search/simple
- ChemIDplus, website: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/chemidlite.jsp
- ERG – Emergency Response Guidebook by U.S. Department of Transportation, website:
http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/library/erg - Germany GESTIS-database on hazard substance, website:
http://www.dguv.de/ifa/gestis/gestis-stoffdatenbank/index-2.jsp - ECHA – European Chemicals Agency, website: https://echa.europa.eu/
Other Information
Do NOT take working clothes home.Rinse contaminated clothing with plenty of water because of fire hazard.Anyone who has shown symptoms of asthma due to this substance should avoid all further contact.The symptoms of asthma often do not become manifest until a few hours have passed and they are aggravated by physical effort. Rest and medical observation are therefore essential.
Any questions regarding this SDS, Please send your inquiry to [email protected]
Disclaimer: The above information is believed to be correct but does not purport to be all inclusive and
shall be used only as a guide. The information in this document is based on the present state of our
knowledge and is applicable to the product with regard to appropriate safety precautions. It does not
represent any guarantee of the properties of the product. We as supplier shall not be held liable for any
damage resulting from handling or from contact with the above product.
| Chemical Formular: | K2CrO4 |
| PubChem CID: | 24597 |
| IUPAC Name: | dipotassium;dioxido(dioxo)chromium |
| Inchl: | InChI=1S/Cr.2K.4O/q;2*+1;;;2*-1 |
| InChI Key: | XMXNVYPJWBTAHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| Canonical SMILES: | [O-][Cr](=O)(=O)[O-].[K+].[K+] |
| Pictogram(s): |    |
| Signal: | Danger |
| GHS Hazard Statements: | H315-H317-H319-H335-H340-H350i-H410 |
| Hazard Codes: | T, N |
| Risk Codes: | R49-46-36/37/38-43-50/53 |
| Precautionary Statement Codes: | P201-P273-P280-P301 + P310 + P330-P304 + P340 + P312-P308 + P313 |
| Flash Point: | n/a |
Bipotassium chromate
Dipotassium monochromate
Tarapacaite
Chromate of potash
Dipotassium chromate
n/a
Chromium is a chemical element with the symbol Cr and atomic number 24. It is the first element in group 6.
It is a steely-grey, lustrous, hard and brittle transition metal.
Chromium is also the main additive in stainless steel, to which it adds anti-corrosive properties.
Chromium is also highly valued as a metal that is able to be highly polished while resisting tarnishing. Polished chromium reflects almost 70% of the visible spectrum, with almost 90% of infrared light being reflected.
The name of the element is derived from the Greek word χρῶμα, chrōma, meaning color, because many chromium compounds are intensely colored.
Chromium is a naturally occurring element found in rocks, animals, plants, soil, and in volcanic dust and gases. Chromium is present in the environment in several different forms. The most common forms are chromium(0), chromium(III), and chromium(VI).
No taste or odor is associated with chromium compounds. Chromium(III) occurs naturally in the environment and is an essential nutrient.
Chromium(VI) and chromium(0) are generally produced by industrial processes.
The metal chromium, which is the chromium(0) form, is used for making steel. Chromium(VI) and chromium(III) are used for chrome plating, dyes and pigments, leather tanning, and wood preserving.
An element in the alkali group of metals with an atomic symbol K, atomic number 19, and atomic weight 39.10. It is the chief cation in the intracellular fluid of muscle and other cells.
Potassium ion is a strong electrolyte that plays a significant role in the regulation of fluid volume and maintenance of the WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE.
Potassium is the major cation (positive ion) inside animal cells, while sodium is the major cation outside animal cells. The concentration differences of these charged particles causes a difference in electric potential between the inside and outside of cells, known as the membrane potential.
The balance between potassium and sodium is maintained by ion pumps in the cell membrane. The cell membrane potential created by potassium and sodium ions allows the cell generate an action potential—a “spike” of electrical discharge.
The ability of cells to produce electrical discharge is critical for body functions such as neurotransmission, muscle contraction, and heart function.
Potassium is also an essential mineral needed to regulate water balance, blood pressure and levels of acidity.
Oxygen is the chemical element with the symbol O and atomic number 8, meaning its nucleus has 8 protons.
Oxygen is a member of the chalcogen group on the periodic table, a highly reactive nonmetal, and an oxidizing agent that readily forms oxides with most elements as well as with other compounds.
Dioxygen is used in cellular respiration and many major classes of organic molecules in living organisms contain oxygen, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and fats, as do the major constituent inorganic compounds of animal shells, teeth, and bone.
Oxygen was isolated by Michael Sendivogius before 1604, but it is commonly believed that the element was discovered independently by Carl Wilhelm Scheele, in Uppsala, in 1773 or earlier, and Joseph Priestley in Wiltshire, in 1774.
Fiber drums, steel drums, and bulk bags
