Name: Chromium Trioxide Sputtering Target
CAS: 1333-82-0
EC Number: 215-607-8
Chemical Formular: CrO3
Appearance: Dark red granular solid
Molecular Weight: 99.994 g/mol
Melting Point: 197 °C (387 °F; 470 K)
Boiling Point: 250 °C (482 °F; 523 K)
Density: 2.7 g/cm3 (20 °C)
Solubility in water: 169 g/100 mL
Exact Mass: 99.925249 g/mol
Monoisotopic Mass: 99.925249 g/mol
Topological Polar Surface Area: 51.2 A^2
Complexity: 61.8
| Product | ORDER |
|---|---|
| 99% Chromium Trioxide Sputtering Target | |
| 99.5% Chromium Trioxide Sputtering Target | |
| 99.9% Chromium Trioxide Sputtering Target | |
| 99.95% Chromium Trioxide Sputtering Target | |
| 99.99% Chromium Trioxide Sputtering Target | |
| 99.999% Chromium Trioxide Sputtering Target | |
| Chromium Trioxide Sputtering Target CrO3,customized specifications |
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS
According to the UN GHS revision 8
SECTION 1: Identification
1.1
GHS Product identifier
| Product name | Chromium Trioxide Sputtering Target |
|---|
1.2
Other means of identification
| Product number | – |
|---|---|
| Other names | – |
1.3
Recommended use of the chemical and restrictions on use
| Identified uses | Corrosion inhibitors and anti-scaling agents,Plating agents and surface treating agents,Processing aids, specific to petroleum production |
|---|---|
| Uses advised against | no data available |
1.4
Supplier’s details
| Company | Elements China Limited |
|---|---|
| Address | Building 2, No.5555, Shenzhuan Hwy, Shanghai , China |
| Telephone | +86-021-3776-2181 |
1.5Emergency phone number
| Emergency phone number | +86-021-3776-2181 |
|---|---|
| Service hours | Monday to Friday, 9am-5pm (Standard time zone: UTC/GMT +8 hours). |
SECTION 2: Hazard identification
2.1
Classification of the substance or mixture
Oxidizing solids, Category 1
Acute toxicity – Category 3, Oral
Acute toxicity – Category 3, Dermal
Skin corrosion, Sub-category 1A
Skin sensitization, Category 1
Acute toxicity – Category 2, Inhalation
Respiratory sensitization, Category 1
Germ cell mutagenicity, Category 1B
Carcinogenicity, Category 1A
Specific target organ toxicity – repeated exposure, Category 1
Hazardous to the aquatic environment, short-term (Acute) – Category Acute 1
Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term (Chronic) – Category Chronic 1
Reproductive toxicity, Category 2
2.2
GHS label elements, including precautionary statements
| Pictogram(s) | 
|
|---|---|
| Signal word | Danger |
| Hazard statement(s) | H271 May cause fire or explosion; strong oxidizer H301 Toxic if swallowed H311 Toxic in contact with skin H314 Causes severe skin burns and eye damage H317 May cause an allergic skin reaction H330 Fatal if inhaled H334 May cause allergy or asthma symptoms or breathing difficulties if inhaled H340 May cause genetic defects H350 May cause cancer H372 Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure H410 Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects |
| Precautionary statement(s) | |
| Prevention | P210 Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. No smoking. P220 Keep away from clothing and other combustible materials. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection/hearing protection/… P283 Wear fire resistant or flame retardant clothing. P264 Wash … thoroughly after handling. P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P272 Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace. P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. P284 [In case of inadequate ventilation] wear respiratory protection. P203 Obtain, read and follow all safety instructions before use. P273 Avoid release to the environment. |
| Response | P306+P360 IF ON CLOTHING: Rinse immediately contaminated clothing and skin with plenty of water before removing clothes. P371+P380+P375 In case of major fire and large quantities: Evacuate area. Fight fire remotely due to the risk of explosion. P370+P378 In case of fire: Use … to extinguish. P301+P316 IF SWALLOWED: Get emergency medical help immediately. P321 Specific treatment (see … on this label). P330 Rinse mouth. P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water/… P316 Get emergency medical help immediately. P361+P364 Take off immediately all contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse. P301+P330+P331 IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. P363 Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P333+P317 If skin irritation or rash occurs: Get medical help. P362+P364 Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse. P320 Specific treatment is urgent (see … on this label). P342+P316 If experiencing respiratory symptoms: Get emergency medical help immediately. P318 IF exposed or concerned, get medical advice. P319 Get medical help if you feel unwell. P391 Collect spillage. |
| Storage | P420 Store separately. P405 Store locked up. P403+P233 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. |
| Disposal | P501 Dispose of contents/container to an appropriate treatment and disposal facility in accordance with applicable laws and regulations, and product characteristics at time of disposal. |
2.3
Other hazards which do not result in classification
no data available
SECTION 3: Composition/information on ingredients
3.1
Substances
| Chemical name | Common names and synonyms | CAS number | EC number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chromium Trioxide Sputtering Target | – | 1333-82-0 | 215-607-8 |
SECTION 4: First-aid measures
4.1
Description of necessary first-aid measures
If inhaled
Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.
Following skin contact
Remove contaminated clothes. First rinse with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, then remove contaminated clothes and rinse again. Refer for medical attention .
Following eye contact
First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.
Following ingestion
Rinse mouth. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer immediately for medical attention.
4.2
Most important symptoms/effects, acute and delayed
Very irritating to eyes and respiratory tract. Ingestion causes severe gastrointestinal symptoms. Contact with eyes or skin causes burns; prolonged contact produces dermatitis (“chrome sores”). (USCG, 1999)
4.3
Indication of immediate medical attention and special treatment needed, if necessary
Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. Inorganic Acids and Related Compounds
SECTION 5: Fire-fighting measures
5.1
Suitable extinguishing media
Suitable extinguishing media: Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
5.2
Specific hazards arising from the chemical
Behavior in Fire: Containers may explode (USCG, 1999)
5.3
Special protective actions for fire-fighters
NO water. In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media.
SECTION 6: Accidental release measures
6.1
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Sweep spilled substance into sealable containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. Do NOT absorb in saw-dust or other combustible absorbents.
6.2
Environmental precautions
Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Sweep spilled substance into sealable containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. Do NOT absorb in saw-dust or other combustible absorbents.
6.3
Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up
ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Wear respiratory protection. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust; Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided; Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Sweep up and shovel. Contain spillage, and then collect with an electrically protected vacuum cleaner or by wetbrushing and place in container for disposal according to local regulations. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.
SECTION 7: Handling and storage
7.1
Precautions for safe handling
NO contact with combustible substances or reducing agents.
Handling in a well ventilated place.
Wear suitable protective clothing.
Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
Avoid formation of dust and aerosols.
Use non-sparking tools.
Prevent fire caused by electrostatic discharge steam.
7.2
Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing. Separated from combustible substances, reducing agents, bases and food and feedstuffs. Well closed. Store in an area without drain or sewer access.Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Hygroscopic. Heat sensitive. Storage class (TRGS 510): Strongly oxidizing hazardous materials
SECTION 8: Exposure controls/personal protection
8.1
Control parameters
Occupational Exposure limit values
TLV: (as Cr(VI), inhalable fraction): 0.0002 mg/m3, as TWA; 0.0005 mg/m3 as STEL; A1 (confirmed human carcinogen); (skin); (DSEN); (RSEN).EU-OEL: (as Cr): 0.1 mg/m3 as TWA.MAK: (inhalable fraction): skin absorption (H); sensitization of skin (SH); carcinogen category: 1; germ cell mutagen group: 2
Biological limit values
no data available
8.2
Appropriate engineering controls
Ensure adequate ventilation.
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice.
Set up emergency exits and the risk-elimination area.
8.3Individual protection measures, such as personal protective equipment (PPE)
Eye/face protection
Wear face shield or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.
Skin protection
Protective gloves. Protective clothing.
Respiratory protection
Use closed system or ventilation.
Thermal hazards
no data available
SECTION 9: Physical and chemical properties and safety characteristics
| Physical state | Solid. |
|---|---|
| Colour | Dark red. |
| Odour | Odorless |
| Melting point/freezing point | 196 °C. |
| Boiling point or initial boiling point and boiling range | Remarks:Decomposition products are Cr2 O3 and O2. |
| Flammability | CrO3: Noncombustible Solid, but will accelerate the burning of combustible materials. |
| Lower and upper explosion limit/flammability limit | no data available |
| Flash point | 250ºC |
| Auto-ignition temperature | May ignite organic materials on contact. (USCG, 1999) |
| Decomposition temperature | 250°C |
| pH | Dissolves in water to form a weak acid |
| Kinematic viscosity | no data available |
| Solubility | Miscible with water |
| Partition coefficient n-octanol/water | no data available |
| Vapour pressure | Very low (NIOSH, 2016) |
| Density and/or relative density | Ca. 2.7 g/cm³. |
| Relative vapour density | no data available |
| Particle characteristics | no data available |
SECTION 10: Stability and reactivity
10.1
Reactivity
250 mg/cu m (as Cr(II)). Chromium(II) compounds (as Cr)
25 mg/cu m (as Cr(III)). Chromium(III) compounds (as Cr)
15 mg/cu m (as Cr(VI)). Chromic acid and chromates
NIOSH considers chromic acid and chromates to be potential occupational carcinogens. Chromic acid and chromates
Decomposes above 250°C . This produces chromic oxide and oxygen. This increases fire hazard. The substance is a strong oxidant. It reacts violently with combustible and reducing materials. This generates fire and explosion hazard. The solution in water is a strong acid. It reacts violently with bases and is corrosive.
10.2
Chemical stability
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
10.3
Possibility of hazardous reactions
Powerful oxidizer … contact with combustible material may cause fire.CHROMIUM TRIOXIDE is a powerful oxidizing agent. Can react violently upon contact with reducing reagents, including organic matter, leading to ignition or explosion. Dangerously reactive with acetone, alcohols, alkali metals (sodium, potassium), ammonia, arsenic, dimethylformamide, hydrogen sulfide, phosphorus, peroxyformic acid, pyridine, selenium, sulfur, and many other chemicals [Sax, 9th ed., 1996, p. 852]. Noncombustible but can accelerate the burning of combustible materials. Sufficient heat may be generated from the reaction with combustible materials to ignite the mass. Aqueous solutions corrode many metals rapidly. Often mixed with sulfuric acid to make “cleaning solution” for glass. Used cleaning solution in closed bottles may explode due to the build up of gaseous carbon dioxide arising from oxidation of organic impurities [Bryson, W. R., Chem. Brit., 1975, 11, p. 377].
10.4
Conditions to avoid
no data available
10.5
Incompatible materials
Incompatible materials: Organic materials, Phosphorus, powdered metals.
10.6
Hazardous decomposition products
Decomposes when heated to 250 deg C, liberating oxygen to support combustion.
SECTION 11: Toxicological information
Acute toxicity
- Oral: LD50 – rat (male/female) – 52 mg/kg bw.
- Inhalation: LC50 – rat (male) – 104 mg/m³ air.
- Dermal: LD50 – rabbit (male/female) – 57 mg/kg bw.
Skin corrosion/irritation
no data available
Serious eye damage/irritation
no data available
Respiratory or skin sensitization
no data available
Germ cell mutagenicity
no data available
Carcinogenicity
WEIGHT OF EVIDENCE CHARACTERIZATION: Under the current guidelines (1986), Cr(VI) is classified as Group A – known human carcinogen by the inhalation route of exposure. Carcinogenicity by the oral route of exposure cannot be determined and is classified as Group D. Under the proposed guidelines (1996), Cr(VI) would be characterized as a known human carcinogen by the inhalation route of exposure on the following basis. Hexavalent chromium is known to be carcinogenic in humans by the inhalation route of exposure. Results of occupational epidemiological studies of chromium-exposed workers are consistent across investigators and study populations. Dose-response relationships have been established for chromium exposure and lung cancer. Chromium-exposed workers are exposed to both Cr(III) and Cr(VI) compounds. Because only Cr(VI) has been found to be carcinogenic in animal studies, however, it was concluded that only Cr(VI) should be classified as a human carcinogen. Animal data are consistent with the human carcinogenicity data on hexavalent chromium. Hexavalent chromium compounds are carcinogenic in animal bioassays, producing the following tumor types: intramuscular injection site tumors in rats and mice, intrapleural implant site tumors for various Cr(VI) compounds in rats, intrabronchial implantation site tumors for various Cr(VI) compounds in rats and subcutaneous injection site sarcomas in rats. In vitro data are suggestive of a potential mode of action for hexavalent chromium carcinogenesis. Hexavalent chromium carcinogenesis may result from the formation of mutagenic oxidatitive DNA lesions following intracellular reduction to the trivalent form. Cr(VI) readily passes through cell membranes and is rapidly reduced intracellularly to generate reactive Cr(V) and Cr(IV) intermediates and reactive oxygen species. A number of potentially mutagenic DNA lesions are formed during the reduction of Cr(VI). Hexavalent chromium is mutagenic in bacterial assays, yeasts and V79 cells, and Cr(VI) compounds decrease the fidelity of DNA synthesis in vitro and produce unscheduled DNA synthesis as a consequence of DNA damage. Chromate has been shown to transform both primary cells and cell lines. HUMAN CARCINOGENICITY DATA: Occupational exposure to chromium compounds has been studied in the chromate production, chromeplating and chrome pigment, ferrochromium production, gold mining, leather tanning and chrome alloy production industries. Workers in the chromate industry are exposed to both trivalent and hexavalent compounds of chromium. Epidemiological studies of chromate production plants in Japan, Great Britain, West Germany, and the United States have revealed a correlation between occupational exposure to chromium and lung cancer, but the specific form of chromium responsible for the induction of cancer was not identified … Studies of chrome pigment workers have consistently demonstrated an association between occupational chromium exposure (primarily Cr(VI)) and lung cancer. Several studies of the chromeplating industry have demonstrated a positive relationship between cancer and exposure to chromium compounds. ANIMAL CARCINOGENICITY DATA: Animal data are consistent with the findings of human epidemiological studies of hexavalent chromium … Chromium (VI)
Reproductive toxicity
no data available
STOT-single exposure
The substance is corrosive to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Corrosive on ingestion. The substance may cause effects on the kidneys and liver. This may result in tissue lesions.
STOT-repeated exposure
Repeated or prolonged contact may cause skin sensitization. Repeated or prolonged inhalation may cause asthma. Repeated or prolonged inhalation may cause nasal ulceration. This may result in perforation of the nasal septum. The substance may have effects on the kidneys. This may result in kidney impairment. This substance is carcinogenic to humans. Animal tests show that this substance possibly causes toxicity to human reproduction or development.
Aspiration hazard
A harmful concentration of airborne particles can be reached quickly when dispersed.
SECTION 12: Ecological information
12.1
Toxicity
- Toxicity to fish: Range of species tested.
- Toxicity to daphnia and other aquatic invertebrates: Range of species tested.
- Toxicity to algae: Range of species tested.
- Toxicity to microorganisms: Range of microbes reported.
12.2
Persistence and degradability
Biological oxygen demand (BOD): none
12.3
Bioaccumulative potential
Using carp (Cyprinus carpio) which were exposed over a 6-week period to chromic trioxide concentrations of 1, 5, 20 and 100 ppb (measured as chromium), the chromium BCF ranged from 4.6 to 72(1). According to a classification scheme(2), this BCF range suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low to moderate(SRC).
12.4
Mobility in soil
no data available
12.5
Other adverse effects
no data available
SECTION 13: Disposal considerations
13.1
Disposal methods
Product
The material can be disposed of by removal to
a licensed chemical destruction plant or by controlled incineration
with flue gas scrubbing. Do not contaminate water, foodstuffs,
feed or seed by storage or disposal. Do not discharge to sewer systems.
Contaminated packaging
Containers can be triply rinsed (or equivalent) and
offered for recycling or reconditioning.
Alternatively, the packaging can be punctured to
make it unusable for other purposes and then be disposed of
in a sanitary landfill. Controlled incineration
with flue gas scrubbing is possible for combustible packaging materials.
SECTION 14: Transport information
14.1
UN Number
| ADR/RID: no data available | IMDG: no data available | IATA: no data available |
14.2
UN Proper Shipping Name
| ADR/RID: no data available | IMDG: no data available | IATA: no data available |
14.3
Transport hazard class(es)
| ADR/RID: no data available | IMDG: no data available | IATA: no data available |
14.4
Packing group, if applicable
| ADR/RID: no data available | IMDG: no data available | IATA: no data available |
14.5
Environmental hazards
| ADR/RID: Yes | IMDG: Yes | IATA: Yes |
14.6
Special precautions for user
no data available
14.7
Transport in bulk according to IMO instruments
no data available
SECTION 15: Regulatory information
15.1
Safety, health and environmental regulations specific for the product in question
| Chemical name | Common names and synonyms | CAS number | EC number |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chromium Trioxide Sputtering Target | – | 1333-82-0 | 215-607-8 |
| European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances (EINECS) | Listed. | ||
| EC Inventory | Listed. | ||
| United States Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Inventory | Listed. | ||
| China Catalog of Hazardous chemicals 2015 | Listed. | ||
| New Zealand Inventory of Chemicals (NZIoC) | Listed. | ||
| Philippines Inventory of Chemicals and Chemical Substances (PICCS) | Listed. | ||
| Vietnam National Chemical Inventory | Listed. | ||
| Chinese Chemical Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances (China IECSC) | Listed. | ||
| Korea Existing Chemicals List (KECL) | Listed. | ||
SECTION 16: Other information
Information on revision
| Creation Date | Nov 17, 2020 |
|---|---|
| Revision Date | Nov 17, 2020 |
Abbreviations and acronyms
- CAS: Chemical Abstracts Service
- ADR: European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
- RID: Regulation concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail
- IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods
- IATA: International Air Transportation Association
- TWA: Time Weighted Average
- STEL: Short term exposure limit
- LC50: Lethal Concentration 50%
- LD50: Lethal Dose 50%
- EC50: Effective Concentration 50%
References
- IPCS – The International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC), website:
http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.home - HSDB – Hazardous Substances Data Bank, website: https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/newtoxnet/hsdb.htm
- IARC – International Agency for Research on Cancer, website: http://www.iarc.fr/
- eChemPortal – The Global Portal to Information on Chemical Substances by OECD, website:
http://www.echemportal.org/echemportal/index?pageID=0&request_locale=en - CAMEO Chemicals, website: http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/search/simple
- ChemIDplus, website: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/chemidlite.jsp
- ERG – Emergency Response Guidebook by U.S. Department of Transportation, website:
http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/library/erg - Germany GESTIS-database on hazard substance, website:
http://www.dguv.de/ifa/gestis/gestis-stoffdatenbank/index-2.jsp - ECHA – European Chemicals Agency, website: https://echa.europa.eu/
Other Information
Do NOT take working clothes home.Rinse contaminated clothing with plenty of water because of fire hazard.The symptoms of asthma often do not become manifest until a few hours have passed and they are aggravated by physical effort. Rest and medical observation are therefore essential.Anyone who has shown symptoms of asthma due to this substance should avoid all further contact.Depending on the degree of exposure, periodic medical examination is suggested.
Any questions regarding this SDS, Please send your inquiry to [email protected]
Disclaimer: The above information is believed to be correct but does not purport to be all inclusive and
shall be used only as a guide. The information in this document is based on the present state of our
knowledge and is applicable to the product with regard to appropriate safety precautions. It does not
represent any guarantee of the properties of the product. We as supplier shall not be held liable for any
damage resulting from handling or from contact with the above product.
| Chemical Formular: | CrO3 |
| PubChem CID: | 14915 |
| IUPAC Name: | trioxochromium |
| Inchl: | InChI=1S/Cr.3O |
| InChI Key: | WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| Canonical SMILES: | O=[Cr](=O)=O |
| Pictogram(s): |     |
| Signal: | Danger |
| GHS Hazard Statements: | H271-H301-H311-H314-H317-H330-H334-H340-H350-H361f-H372-H410 |
| Hazard Codes: | O,T+,N |
| Risk Codes: | R45-46-9-24/25-26-35-42/43-48/23-50/53-62 |
| Precautionary Statement Codes: | P201-P260-P280-P303 + P361 + P353-P304 + P340 + P310-P305 + P351 + P338 |
| Flash Point: | n/a |
Chromium(VI) Oxide
Chromia
Monochromium trioxide
Chromium(6+) oxide
Chromium anhydride
trioxochromium
chromic trioxide
n/a
Chromium is a chemical element with the symbol Cr and atomic number 24. It is the first element in group 6.
It is a steely-grey, lustrous, hard and brittle transition metal.
Chromium is also the main additive in stainless steel, to which it adds anti-corrosive properties.
Chromium is also highly valued as a metal that is able to be highly polished while resisting tarnishing. Polished chromium reflects almost 70% of the visible spectrum, with almost 90% of infrared light being reflected.
The name of the element is derived from the Greek word χρῶμα, chrōma, meaning color, because many chromium compounds are intensely colored.
Chromium is a naturally occurring element found in rocks, animals, plants, soil, and in volcanic dust and gases. Chromium is present in the environment in several different forms. The most common forms are chromium(0), chromium(III), and chromium(VI).
No taste or odor is associated with chromium compounds. Chromium(III) occurs naturally in the environment and is an essential nutrient.
Chromium(VI) and chromium(0) are generally produced by industrial processes.
The metal chromium, which is the chromium(0) form, is used for making steel. Chromium(VI) and chromium(III) are used for chrome plating, dyes and pigments, leather tanning, and wood preserving.
Oxygen is the chemical element with the symbol O and atomic number 8, meaning its nucleus has 8 protons.
Oxygen is a member of the chalcogen group on the periodic table, a highly reactive nonmetal, and an oxidizing agent that readily forms oxides with most elements as well as with other compounds.
Dioxygen is used in cellular respiration and many major classes of organic molecules in living organisms contain oxygen, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and fats, as do the major constituent inorganic compounds of animal shells, teeth, and bone.
Oxygen was isolated by Michael Sendivogius before 1604, but it is commonly believed that the element was discovered independently by Carl Wilhelm Scheele, in Uppsala, in 1773 or earlier, and Joseph Priestley in Wiltshire, in 1774.
Fiber drums, steel drums, and bulk bags
